The NIOSH Pocket Guide describes benzidine as a grayish-yellow, reddish-gray, or white crystalline powder used as a dye basis and identifies inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin, and eye contact routes; reported effects include hematuria, hemolytic anemia, cystitis, liver disorders, dermatitis, painful irregular urination, a potential occupational carcinogen notation, and liver, kidney, and bladder cancer.
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Exposure Limits; Physical Description; Exposure Routes; Symptoms; Target Organs; Cancer Site · 1
Exposure Limits; Physical Description; Exposure Routes; Symptoms; Target Organs; Cancer Site · 1
Physical Description Grayish-yellow, reddish-gray, or white crystalline powder. [Note: Darkens on exposure to air and light.] Exposure Routes inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact. Symptoms hematuria (blood in the urine); secondary anemia from hemolysis; acute cystitis; acute liver disorders; dermatitis; painful, irreg urination; [potential occupational carcinogen]. Target Organs Bladder, skin, kidneys, liver, blood. Cancer Site [liver, kidney & bladder cancer].